Calpe (or Calp in Valencian), located on Spain’s iconic Costa Blanca, is a picturesque coastal town best known for its sandy beaches, turquoise waters, and the towering Peñón de Ifach, a massive limestone rock that dominates the skyline. While many visitors flock here for its natural beauty and relaxed Mediterranean vibe, Calpe is a treasure trove of fascinating history, culture, and hidden gems that make it stand out. Here are five lesser-known facts about Calpe that reveal a whole new side of this charming destination.
1. Peñón de Ifach: A Natural Wonder with a Rich History
The Peñón de Ifach, often referred to as the “Gibraltar of the Mediterranean,” is Calpe’s most famous landmark. Rising 332 meters above the sea, this imposing rock formation is not only a symbol of the town but also a protected Natural Park.
What makes the Peñón unique is its incredible biodiversity. The park is home to over 300 species of plants, along with various birds, including seagulls and kestrels. For adventurous visitors, a hike to the summit offers breathtaking panoramic views of the coastline and surrounding areas, though the final stretch can be challenging.
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But the Peñón’s history is just as impressive as its natural beauty. Archaeological evidence suggests that ancient civilizations, including the Iberians and Romans, used the area around the rock as a strategic settlement. The rock served as a lookout point and even a defense mechanism against invading forces during the medieval era. Today, it remains a must-visit site for nature lovers and history buffs alike.
2. The Legacy of Baños de la Reina
One of Calpe’s most intriguing historical sites is the Baños de la Reina (Queen’s Baths), a series of ancient Roman fish farms located along the coastline. Despite their name, these structures were not used as baths by royalty, but rather as saltwater pools for farming fish. The Romans developed an innovative aquaculture system here, demonstrating their advanced engineering skills.
Legend has it that the baths got their name from a story about a Moorish queen who would bathe in the pools, captivated by the sparkling sea. Today, the site is open for exploration, offering visitors a chance to glimpse the remnants of Roman ingenuity. At low tide, you can even spot the outlines of the pools, which are still connected to the sea.
For those interested in archaeology, this site provides a fascinating window into Calpe’s Roman past and the town’s longstanding relationship with the Mediterranean.
3. A Town Shaped by Salt
Salt has played a significant role in Calpe’s history and economy for centuries. The Salinas de Calpe, a salt lagoon located near the Peñón de Ifach, was once an important site for salt production. The Romans were among the first to harvest salt here, using it to preserve food, particularly fish, which was a major export from the area.
Today, the salt flats are no longer used for industrial purposes, but they remain a vital part of Calpe’s natural ecosystem. The lagoon is now a protected area and serves as a habitat for a variety of bird species, including flamingos, which can often be seen wading gracefully in the waters.
Visitors can enjoy walking trails around the salt flats, taking in the tranquil scenery and learning about the historical significance of this unique landscape. The Salinas de Calpe are a perfect example of how history, nature, and tourism coexist in harmony in this charming town.
4. A Culinary Haven for Food Lovers
Calpe is a paradise for food lovers, offering a rich gastronomic heritage influenced by its coastal location. The town’s culinary traditions are deeply rooted in its fishing culture, and seafood is the star of most local dishes.
One must-try delicacy is arròs del senyoret, a rice dish made with peeled seafood such as shrimp, squid, and fish. Its name translates to “the gentleman’s rice,” referring to the convenience of eating it without having to peel the seafood.
Another local favorite is llauna de Calp, a dish of baked fish and potatoes that showcases the simplicity and freshness of Mediterranean cuisine.
Calpe’s fish market, located near the port, is a vibrant spot where visitors can watch fishermen unload their daily catch. The nearby restaurants often serve freshly caught fish, making it a great place to enjoy an authentic meal while soaking in the lively maritime atmosphere.
And let’s not forget the town’s connection to wine. Calpe is part of the Alicante wine region, known for its sweet Moscatel wines and robust reds. Pairing a glass of local wine with a seafood feast is the ultimate way to experience Calpe’s culinary scene.
5. The Moorish and Christian Legacy
Calpe’s history is a tapestry of different civilizations, with significant contributions from both the Moors and Christians. During the Moorish period, the town was a strategic coastal settlement and a center for trade and agriculture. Evidence of this influence can still be seen in the Old Town of Calpe, where narrow, winding streets and traditional whitewashed houses create a distinctly Moorish ambiance.
One of the town’s most charming traditions is the Fiestas de Moros y Cristianos (Moors and Christians Festival), celebrated every October. This vibrant event commemorates the historical battles between the two cultures, featuring elaborate costumes, parades, and reenactments. The festival is a highlight of Calpe’s cultural calendar and offers visitors a chance to experience the town’s rich heritage firsthand.
A visit to the Old Town also reveals other historical treasures, such as the Torreó de la Peça, a medieval watchtower that once formed part of the town’s fortifications. Today, it stands as a reminder of Calpe’s storied past and its resilience through centuries of change.
Bonus Fact: A Beach for Every Mood
Calpe’s beaches are among the best on the Costa Blanca, offering something for everyone. The Playa de la Fossa, located near the Peñón de Ifach, is perfect for families and sunbathers, with its golden sands and calm waters. For those seeking a quieter escape, the Cala el Racó, a small cove near the marina, is ideal for snorkeling and exploring underwater life.
What sets Calpe apart is the sheer variety of its beaches, from bustling tourist hubs to hidden gems tucked away along the coastline. No matter your preference, you’ll find the perfect spot to relax and enjoy the beauty of the Mediterranean.
Conclusion
Calpe is a town that effortlessly blends natural beauty, ancient history, and vibrant culture. From the towering Peñón de Ifach to the tranquil salt flats and the charming streets of the Old Town, there’s something for everyone in this coastal paradise. Whether you’re a nature lover, a history enthusiast, or a foodie, Calpe offers a unique and enriching experience that will leave a lasting impression.
So the next time you visit the Costa Blanca, make sure to spend some time uncovering the hidden stories and fascinating facts that make Calpe one of Spain’s most captivating destinations.
